BuildCraft-style "piston" engines now explode like they did in 1.2.5, either from lack of coolant or from trying to generate power with nowhere to send it
BuildCraft conductive pipes now have distance-based losses like from 1.2.5
BuildCraft gold item pipes require redstone signals again
Restored old fluid side input rules on BC refinery
BC Wooden/Emerald pipes once again only take power from engines or gates, not ducts or other power conductors
Project Red renamed to Redpower in Waila and NEI
Electrotine Ore renamed to Nikolite, and uses RedPower World textures
Illumar renamed to Lumar, and uses old RedPower recipes
IC2 Hammer and Cutter now use sticks and cobblestone, like in 1.5.2 and prior
Eliminated 1.4+ zombie behavior (sieges, door-breaking, calling for help, long-sight)
Eliminated baby zombies
TE Tesseracts have a 25% loss in RF transport again
Forestry alvearies once again have a 10x yield bonus
Mobs
Several mobs wil not spawn
Bats and Witches will not spawn naturally
Blitzes and Basalzes will not naturally spawn
Pechs and Eldritch guardians will not spawn
Toned down advanced AI on hostile mobs
Skeletons now have pre-1.4 fire rates and arrow damage
Cave Spiders give poison, even on Easy difficulty
Cave Spiders from Mineshafts drop Torchberries
Endermen can no longer pick up blocks
Disabled baby heatscar spawn on heatscar death
Sheep now regrow wool faster
Blue Slimes will not spawn in the Twilight Forest
Halved angry zombie spawn rate
Visual
More appealing BoP biome grass/foliage colors
Less brown and more green, and richer greens rather than gray-green